S is for syllepsis.
It is one of many terms that I had to invent when we wrote How
Picturebooks Work. Every time we encountered something we needed
a name for I would invent it, much to my co-author's irritation
because she thought we had too many fancy words in our book already.
But structuralists love labels, and we needed a label to put on side
narratives in picturebooks, not mentioned by words, which either are
completely independent of the main narrative or reflects it in some
way. Jane Doonan calls them running stories, but I felt it was a bit awkward as a term. Genette uses syllepsis for an independent narrative, although of
course he had never seen a picturebook. (Just imagine how much more
interesting his study of paratexts might have been!) One of the great
masters of syllepsis is the Swedish picturebook maker Sven Nordqvist,
the author of Pettson and Findus (aka Festus and Mercury, for an
inexplicable reason). He always has some weird creatures in the
foreground that live a life of their own, oblivious of the main
characters and their doings. But if you don't pay attention to the
sylleptic narrative you miss half the fun. Or, in some picturebooks,
almost all the fun.
S is also for sequel.
I have considerable issues with the terms sequel and series which
many colleagues and students use interchangeably. While I see no
point in having two different terms for the same thing, I feel it
imperative to have two separate terms for two distinct phenomena. A
sequel is a narrative that continues from where the previous
narrative stopped. There may be as many sequels as you like, but as
long as they have some kind of temporal sequence and progression
that's what they are. Serial fiction, or series, indicates a set of
books without temporal relationship. The characters never grow up,
and all their adventures cannot possibly be squeezed into their
summer holidays without poetic licence. You can read series in any
order, but you need to read sequels in a particular order, although
it doesn't have to be chronological within the story (the author may
have a reason to include a flashback). Now, I know everybody will
still call Harry Potter and The Hunger Games series,
but I have made myself clear on the matter.
Ill. Sven Nordqvist
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